Today in History
1 January
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1 January |
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| 1387 Charles, The Angry One, king of Navarra (1349-87) was born | ||
| 1430 Jews of Sicily are no longer required to attend conversionist services | ||
| 1438 Albrecht II von Habsburg becomes king of Hungary | ||
| 1449 Lorenzo de'Medici, [The Magnificent] of Florence was born | ||
| 1467 Sigismund I, the old, king of Poland was born | ||
| 1494 Juw Dekama elected potentate of Frisia | ||
| 1502 Portuguese navigators landed at a port on the coast of South America and named it Rio de Janeiro (River of January). | ||
| 1504 King Louis XII loses last bulwark in Naples, Caeta | ||
| 1515, Francis, Duke of Angouleme, became Francis I of France on the death of Louis XII. | ||
| 1515 Jews are expelled from Laibach Austria | ||
| 1573 Geuzen sets fire to Woudrichem | ||
| 1583 1st day of the Gregorian calendar in Holland & Flanders | ||
| 1622 Papal Chancery adopts Jan 1 as beginning of the year (was Mar 25) | ||
| 1651 Charles II Stuart crowned king of Scotland | ||
| 1660 Samuel Pepys began his famous diary. | ||
| 1660 General Moncks army battles with the Tweed on way to London | ||
| 1660 Thomas Fairfax' New Model-army occupies York | ||
| 1673 Regular mail delivery begins between NY & Boston | ||
| 1675 Don Carlos de Gurrea/Aragon becomes Spanish land guardian of S Netherland | ||
| 1689 Pro-James II-earl of Danby occupies York | ||
| 1700 Protestant West-Europe (except England) begin using Gregorian calendar | ||
| 1700 Russia replaces Byzantines with Julian calendar | ||
| 1701 Great Britain & Ireland union is in effect, creating United Kingdom | ||
| 1707 Jacob V succeeds his father Pedro II as king of Portugal | ||
| 1739 J B C Bouvet de Lozier discovers Bouvet Island, near Antarctica | ||
| 1770 Date of action in the opera "Madeleine" | ||
| 1785 The Times newspaper was first published in Britain as the Daily Universal Register | ||
| 1776 George Washington unveiled the Grand Union Flag, the first national flag in America after King George III of England called on American forces to surrender. | ||
| 1785 "Daily Universal Register" (Times of London) publishes 1st issue | ||
| 1788 London's Daily Universal Registrar becomes the Times | ||
| 1797 Albany replaces NYC as capital of NY | ||
| 1798 Russia appoints 1st Jewish censor to censor Hebrew books | ||
| 1800 Dutch East Indies Company dissolves | ||
| 1801 The Act of Union between Great Britain and Ireland became effective, creating the United Kingdom. | ||
| 1804 After leading a rebellion against the French, Jean-Jacques Dessalines declared Haiti independent. | ||
| 1807 Curacao is taken by English (until March, 1816) | ||
| 1808 African Benevolent Society (education) forms | ||
| 1808 Sierra Leone became a British crown colony | ||
| 1809 Holland Brigade under brig gen Chass‚ reaches Madrid | ||
| 1814 Field marshal Blucher's troops cross the Rhine at Kaub | ||
| 1818 Official reopening of the White House | ||
| 1826 Baron Van der Capellen resigns as governor of Dutch-Indies | ||
| 1827 Dutch Trade Company NHM gets opium monopoly on Java | ||
| 1831 William Lloyd Garrison publishes 1st issue of abolitionist journal | ||
| 1833 Britain claimed sovereignty over the Falkland Islands | ||
| 1834 German Tolunie goes into effect | ||
| 1838 1st official horse race in South Australia-Adelaide | ||
| 1846 Yucatan declares independence from Mexico | ||
| 1848 Britain takes Mosquito Coast from Nicaragua | ||
| 1851 City of Glasgow steamer inaugurates Philadelphia-Liverpool line | ||
| 1852 Netherlands begins issuing postage stamps | ||
| 1860 Slavery ends of in Netherland Indies | ||
| 1861 Porfirio Diaz conquers Mexico City | ||
| 1861 Pres Lincoln declares slavery in Confederate states unlawful | ||
| 1863 President Abraham Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation formally freeing all slaves in the Confederate States. | ||
| 1871 Belgium disbands salt tax | ||
| 1873 Origin of Japanese Era | ||
| 1874 New York City annexes the Bronx | ||
| 1877 England's Queen Victoria proclaimed empress of India | ||
| 1880 Building of Panama Canal, begins | ||
| 1881 Dr John H Watson is introduced to Sherlock Holmes | ||
| 1886 Britain annexed Upper Burma. | ||
| 1891 French troops occupy Nioro, West-Sudan, 3000 killed | ||
| 1892 Ellis Island becomes reception center for new immigrants | ||
| 1893 Japan adopts the Gregorian calendar | ||
| 1894 Denmark adopts Mid-European time | ||
| 1894 Manchester Ship Canal in England opens to traffic | ||
| 1897 Brooklyn merges with NY to form present City of NY | ||
| 1899 Cuba liberated from Spain by US (Natl Day) (US occupies till 1902) | ||
| 1900 British protectorates of Northern & Southern Nigeria established | ||
| 1901 The Commonwealth of Australia came into being with Edmund Barton as its first prime minister. | ||
| 1911 Belgian Mining law introduces 9«-hour work day | ||
| 1912 Sun Yat-sen forms Chinese Republic | ||
| 1913 In the United States, parcel post started for the first time; the previous weight limit had been four pounds. | ||
| 1914 Northern & Southern Nigeria united in British colony of Nigeria | ||
| 1915 Jews of Laibach Austria expelled | ||
| 1915 The British battleship Formidable was sunk by a torpedo in the English Channel, killing 547. | ||
| 1919 The Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic was established. | ||
| 1923 A confederation of Russia, Byelorussia, Ukraine and Transcaucasia was established; the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics came into effect the following July. | ||
| 1925 The capital city of Norway, known as Christiana or Kristiana since 1674, resumed its name of Oslo. | ||
| 1926 Flood in Rhine strikes Cologne | ||
| 1930 Jurgens & Van den Berg merge with Lever Brothers to form Unilever | ||
| 1934 Alcatraz officially becomes a federal prison | ||
| 1937 Anastasio Somoza becomes president of Nicaragua | ||
| 1942 In Washington, 26 countries signed the "Declaration of the United Nations," affirming opposition to Axis powers and confirming that no co-signatory would make a separate peace. | ||
| 1944 Gen Clark replaces Gen Patton as commander of 7th Army | ||
| 1945 France joins the UN | ||
| 1945 German air raid on allied airports at Eindhoven/Saint-Trond/Brussels | ||
| 1946 National Assembly proclaims Hungary a republic | ||
| 1948 Italy adopts constitution | ||
| 1948 Orissa province accedes to India | ||
| 1955 Bhutan issues its 1st postage stamps | ||
| 1956 Sudan (Anglo-Egyptian Sudan) declares independence from Egypt & UK | ||
| 1958 The European Economic Community, known as the Common Market, came into being. | ||
| 1959 Chad becomes autonomous republic in French Community | ||
| 1959 Fidel Castro seized power in Cuba after dictator Fulgencio Batista fled to the Dominican Republic. | ||
| 1960 Cameroon (French Cameroon) gains independence from France | ||
| 1960 Montserrat adopts constitution | ||
| 1962 Rwanda granted internal self-government by Belgium | ||
| 1962 The Beatles auditioned for Decca records, only to be rejected because the company felt "groups of guitars are on the way out." | ||
| 1964 Federation of Rhodesia & Nyasaland dissolved | ||
| 1965 Palestinian al-Fatah organization forms | ||
| 1966 President David Dacko of the Central African Republic was overthrown in a coup by Jean-Bedel Bokassa. | ||
| 1967 St Helena adopts constitution | ||
| 1972 Maurice Chevalier, French singer and actor, died; he starred in a number of films including "Love Me Tonight" and "Gigi." | ||
| 1973 Britain, Ireland and Denmark became members of the EEC. | ||
| 1975 Sweden adopts constitution | ||
| 1975 In the Watergate scandal, John Ehrlichman, H.R. Haldeman and John Mitchell were found guilty of obstruction. | ||
| 1978 An Air India jumbo jet exploded in mid-air near Bombay, killing 213 | ||
| 1979 The United States and China established diplomatic relations, 30 years after the foundation of the People's Republic. | ||
| 1980 Sweden changes order of succession to throne | ||
| 1981 Greece was admitted as the 10th member of the EEC. | ||
| 1982 Pope John Paul II prays for an end to martial law in Poland | ||
| 1984 Brunei becomes independent of UK | ||
| 1992 The Salvadorean government and the rebel Farabundo Marti Liberation Front reached a cease-fire accord in El Salvador's 12-year civil war. | ||
| 1992 Egyptian Boutros Boutros Ghali succeeded Javier Perez de Cuellar of Peru as U.N secretary-general. | ||
| 1993 Czechoslovakia separates into Czech Republic (Bohemia) & Slovakia | ||
| 1994 Actor Cesar Romero died; he went from the New York stage to more than 100 movies and fame in the 1960s "Batman" television series. | ||
| 1995 Fernando Henrique Cardoso installed as president of Brazil | ||
| 1995 Suspected serial killer Frederick West, accused of murdering 12 women and girls in Britain's notorious "House of Horrors" case, was found hanged in his jail cell. | ||
| 1996 Saudi Arabia's King Fahd handed over the running of the country to his younger brother Crown Prince Abdullah after suffering a stroke. | ||
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