Today in History
3 April
Edmund Halley
Johannes Hevelius
Johannes Brahms
|
||
|
||
3 April |
||
| 1043 Edward the Confessor crowned king of England | ||
| 1189 Emperor Frederick Barbarossa and Pope Clement III resolved their disagreements and signed the Peace of Strasbourg. |
|
|
| 1245 Philip III, king of France, was born. He became king in 1270. Also known as Philip the Bold, he enlarged the power of the monarchy. | ||
| 1312 2nd council of Vienna | ||
| 1367 Henry IV, first king of England from the House of Lancaster, was born; king from 1399, his reign was marked by many uprisings from home and abroad. | ||
| 1376 Battle of Navarrete (Najera), English beat France | ||
| 1559 Philip II of Spain and Henry II of France signed the Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis in France, ending almost 60 years of war. | ||
| 1569 Giovanni Battista Massarengo, composer, was born | ||
| 1582 French van Valois honored as duke of Gelre/earl of Zutphen | ||
| 1645 English parliament accept Self-Denying Ordinance | Edmund Halley |
|
| 1657 English Lord Protector Cromwell refuses crown | ||
| 1679 Edmund Halley meets Johannes Hevelius in Danzig | ||
| 1682 Bartolome Esteban Murillo, Spanish painter, died. Best known for his religious works, notably "The Two Trinities." | ||
| 1721 Sir Robert Walpole was appointed first lord of the treasury and chancellor of the exchequer, effectively Britain's first prime minister. | ||
| 1764 Austrian arch duke Jozef crowned himself Roman Catholic king | ||
| 1764 John Abernethy, London, surgeon, was born | ||
| 1776 Washington receives honorary Ll.D. degree from Harvard College | ||
| 1783 Washington Irving was born. Known as "first American man of letters," he wrote many tales and stories including "Rip Van Winkle" and the "Legend of Sleepy Hollow." | ||
| 1783 Sweden & US sign a treaty of Amity & Commerce | ||
| 1790 Revenue Marine Service (US Coast Guard), created | ||
| 1798 Charles D Wilkes, Commander (Union Navy), died in 1877, was born | ||
| 1812 Louisa Maria, Queen of the Belgians (1832-50/wife of Leopold I) was born | ||
| 1848 Thomas Douglas becomes 1st SF public teacher | ||
| 1856 Gunpowder in church explodes killing 4,000 in Rhodos | ||
| 1860 The first Pony Express with the U.S. mail left both St Joseph, Missouri, and Sacramento, California, simultaneously. The Western-bound post arrived a day and a half before the Eastern-bound. | ||
| 1866 James Barry Munnik Hertzog, Afrikaans nationalist and politician, was born in Cape Colony. Prime minister from 1924 to 1939, he lost office at the start of the World War II after advocating a policy of neutrality. |
|
|
| 1868 An Hawaiian surfs on highest wave ever, he rides a 50' tidal wave | ||
| 1881 Alcide de Gasperi, Italian statesman, was born; he became prime minister of Italy in 1945 and led the nation into a successful post-war reconstruction. | ||
| 1882 Wood block alarm invented, when alarm rang, it dropped 20 wood blocks | ||
| 1882 After more than 15 years of robbing banks, outlaw Jesse James was shot in the back at St Joseph, Missouri, by Robert Ford, one of his own gang. | ||
| 1897 Johannes Brahms, German composer and pianist, died. | ||
| 1913 English suffragette Emmeline Pankhurst was found guilty of encouraging supporters to arson and sentenced to three years in prison. | Johannes Hevelius |
|
| 1917 Lenin leaves Switzerland for Petrograd | ||
| 1918 House of Reps accepts American Creed written by William Tyler | ||
| 1919 Austria expels all Habsburgers | ||
| 1922 The new Central Committee in Russia appointed Joseph Stalin as General Secretary of the Communist Party. | ||
| 1924 Marlon Brando, U.S. film actor, was born; known for his method style of acting, his films included "On the Waterfront" and "The Godfather," for which he won Oscars. | ||
| 1924 Doris Day, U.S film actress and singer, was born as Doris von Kappelhoff. Best known for her roles in "Calamity Jane," "Young at Heart," and "The Pajama Game." | ||
| 1925 Great Britain goes back to gold standard | ||
| 1925 Neth & Belgium sign accord of Westerschelde | ||
| 1926 2nd flight of a liquid-fueled rocket by Robert Goddard | ||
| 1926 Italy establishes corp of force in order to break powerful unions | ||
| 1929 Persia agrees to Litvinov Pact | ||
| 1930 Ras Tafari was proclaimed Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia. | ||
| 1930 Helmut Kohl, German politician and statesman, was born; he became chancellor of Germany in 1982. | ||
| 1933 The first flight over the peak of Mount Everest in the Himalayas was made by four Britons in two Westland biplanes. | ||
| 1941 Churchill warns Stalin of German invasion | ||
| 1941 The British evacuated Benghazi in the face of the German advance in World War II. | ||
| 1941 Waltons overture "Scapino," premieres in Chicago | ||
| 1943 Jan Dieters (leader of illegal CPN) arrested | ||
| 1943 Conrad Veidt, German born actor of stage and screen, died. Best known for his roles in the films "The Cabinet of Dr Caligari" and "Casablanca." |
|
|
| 1944 British dive bombers attack battle cruiser Tirpitz | ||
| 1945 Hengelo freed from nazi control by Canadian army | ||
| 1945 Nazi's begin evacuation of camp Buchenwald | ||
| 1945 US 1st army conquers Hofgeismar | ||
| 1946 Neth-German postal relations resume | ||
| 1948 U.S. President Truman signed the Marshall plan, which allocated $6 billion in overseas economic aid. | ||
| 1949 North Atlantic Treaty, pact signed by US, Britain, France & Canada | ||
| 1949 Transjordan signed an armistice with the newly founded state of Israel. | ||
| 1950 Kurt Weill, German composer, died; best known for his "Threepenny Opera" and for his collaboration with actress and singer Lotte Lenya, whom he married in 1926. | Johannes Brahms |
|
| 1952 Dutch Queen Juliana speaks to US Congress | ||
| 1955 Fire in cinema to Sclessin Belgium, kills 39 | ||
| 1955 Night express train in Guadalajara derails, killing 300 | ||
| 1956 Bulgarian vice premier Traitsjo Kostov rehabilitated | ||
| 1958 Fidel Castro's rebels attacked Havana | ||
| 1960 Earthquake at Havr‚, Belgium | ||
| 1962 Lt General Marshall S Carter, USA, becomes deputy director of CIA | ||
| 1964 US & Panam agree to resume diplomatic relations | ||
| 1965 1st atomic powered spacecraft (snap) launched | ||
| 1968 N Vietnam agrees to meet US reps to set up preliminary peace talks | ||
| 1974 148 tornadoes are reported over an area covering a dozen states | ||
| 1974 Tornadoes in the east, south & midwest killed approximately 315 | ||
| 1975 Russia's Anatoly Karpov was proclaimed world chess champion after American Bobby Fischer refused to defend his title. | ||
| 1977 Netherlands/Belgium/Luxembourg adopt summer time | ||
| 1978 50th Academy Awards - "Annie Hall," Rich Dreyfuss & Diane Keaton win | ||
| 1978 European market & China signs trade agreement | ||
| 1979 Belgium's Martens govt forms | ||
| 1980 France performs nuclear test |
|
|
| 1981 Race riots in London's Brixton area | ||
| 1982 The U.N. Security Council voted 10-1 in favor of Resolution 502 demanding withdrawal of Argentine forces from the Falkland Islands. | ||
| 1984 Bombay beat Delhi on 1st innings to win Ranji Trophy | ||
| 1986 Peter Pears, British operatic tenor, died. He was a collaborator with composer Benjamin Britten and first interpreter of many of Britten's works, notably "Peter Grimes." | ||
| 1987 Duchess of Windsors jewels auctioned for £ 31,380,197 | ||
| 1987 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR | ||
| 1988 Somalia & Ethiopia sign accord about Ogaden desert | ||
| 1991 British novelist Graham Greene died aged 86 in Switzerland. | ||
| 1991 The Security Council approved a Gulf cease-fire resolution stripping Iraq of weapons of mass destruction, impounding part of its oil revenues to pay reparations and paving the way for the withdrawal of U.S. occupation troops. | ||
| 1994 Minority Croats in Sarajevo celebrated the Bosnian capital's first Easter at peace since 1991, cramming into the main Roman Catholic cathedral to pray for the new calm to last. | ||
| 1996 A plane carrying U.S. Commerce Secretary Ron Brown crashed in Croatia, killing all 29 passengers and six crew members aboard. | ||
| 1997 Zaki Badr, an Egyptian interior minister who won notoriety in the late 1980s for his blunt speech and brutal approach to the Islamist opposition, died. |